Christians have no right to wear cross at work, says Government
Christians do not have a right to wear a cross or crucifix openly at work, the Government is to argue in a landmark court case.
Christians have no right to wear cross at work, says Government
The Government has refused to say that Christians have a right to display the symbol of their faith at work Photo: PA
By David Barrett, Home Affairs Correspondent
9:00PM GMT 10 Mar 2012
CommentsComments
In a highly significant move, ministers will fight a case at the European Court of Human Rights in which two British women will seek to establish their right to display the cross.
It is the first time that the Government has been forced to state whether it backs the right of Christians to wear the symbol at work.
A document seen by The Sunday Telegraph discloses that ministers will argue that because it is not a “requirement” of the Christian faith, employers can ban the wearing of the cross and sack workers who insist on doing so.
The Government’s position received an angry response last night from prominent figures including Lord Carey, the former Archbishop of Canterbury.
He accused ministers and the courts of “dictating” to Christians and said it was another example of Christianity becoming sidelined in official life.
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The Government’s refusal to say that Christians have a right to display the symbol of their faith at work emerged after its plans to legalise same-sex marriages were attacked by the leaders of the Roman Catholic Church in Britain.
A poll commissioned by The Sunday Telegraph shows that the country is split on the issue.
Overall, 45 per cent of voters support moves to allow gay marriage, with 36 per cent against, while 19 per cent say they do not know.
However, the Prime Minister is out of step with his own party.
Exactly half of Conservative voters oppose same-sex marriage in principle and only 35 per cent back it.
There is no public appetite to change the law urgently, with more than three quarters of people polled saying it was wrong to fast-track the plan before 2015 and only 14 per cent saying it was right.
The Strasbourg case hinges on whether human rights laws protect the right to wear a cross or crucifix at work under Article 9 of the European Convention on Human Rights.
It states: “Everyone has the right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion; this right includes freedom to change his religion or belief, and freedom, either alone or in community with others and in public or private, to manifest his religion or belief, in worship, teaching, practice and observance.”
The Christian women bringing the case, Nadia Eweida and Shirley Chaplin, claim that they were discriminated against when their employers barred them from wearing the symbols.
They want the European Court to rule that this breached their human right to manifest their religion.
The Government’s official response states that wearing the cross is not a “requirement of the faith” and therefore does not fall under the remit of Article 9.
Lawyers for the two women claim that the Government is setting the bar too high and that “manifesting” religion includes doing things that are not a “requirement of the faith”, and that they are therefore protected by human rights.
They say that Christians are given less protection than members of other religions who have been granted special status for garments or symbols such as the Sikh turban and kara bracelet, or the Muslim hijab.
Last year it emerged that Mrs Eweida, a British Airways worker, and Mrs Chaplin, a nurse, had taken their fight to the European Court in Strasbourg after both faced disciplinary action for wearing a cross at work.
Mrs Eweida’s case dates from 2006 when she was suspended for refusing to take off the cross which her employers claimed breached BA’s uniform code.
The 61 year-old, from Twickenham, is a Coptic Christian who argued that BA allowed members of other faiths to wear religious garments and symbols.
BA later changed its uniform policy but Mrs Eweida lost her challenge against an earlier employment tribunal decision at the Court of Appeal and in May 2010 was refused permission to go to the Supreme Court.
Mrs Chaplin, 56, from Exeter, was barred from working on wards by Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Trust after she refused to hide the cross she wore on a necklace chain, ending 31 years of nursing.
The Government claims the two women’s application to the Strasbourg court is “manifestly ill-founded”.
Its response states: “The Government submit that… the applicants’ wearing of a visible cross or crucifix was not a manifestation of their religion or belief within the meaning of Article 9, and…the restriction on the applicants' wearing of a visible cross or crucifix was not an ‘interference’ with their rights protected by Article 9.”
The response, prepared by the Foreign Office, adds: “In neither case is there any suggestion that the wearing of a visible cross or crucifix was a generally recognised form of practising the Christian faith, still less one that is regarded (including by the applicants themselves) as a requirement of the faith.”
The Government has also set out its intention to oppose cases brought by two other Christians, including a former registrar who objected to conducting civil partnership ceremonies for homosexual couples.
Lillian Ladele, who worked as a registrar for Islington council in north London for 17 years, said she was forced to resign in 2007 after being disciplined, and claimed she had been harassed over her beliefs.
Gary McFarlane, a relationship counsellor, was sacked by Relate for refusing to give sex therapy to homosexual couples.
Christian groups described the Government’s stance as “extraordinary”.
Lord Carey said: “The reasoning is based on a wholly inappropriate judgment of matters of theology and worship about which they can claim no expertise.
“The irony is that when governments and courts dictate to Christians that the cross is a matter of insignificance, it becomes an even more important symbol and expression of our faith.”
The Strasbourg cases brought by Mrs Chaplin and Mr McFarlane are supported by the Christian Legal Centre which has instructed Paul Diamond, a leading human rights barrister.
Judges in Strasbourg will next decide whether all four cases will progress to full hearings.
If they proceed, the cases will test how religious rights are balanced against equality laws designed to prohibit discrimination.
Andrea Williams, the director of the Christian Legal Centre, said: “It is extraordinary that a Conservative government should argue that the wearing of a cross is not a generally recognised practice of the Christian faith.
“In recent months the courts have refused to recognise the wearing of a cross, belief in marriage between a man and a woman and Sundays as a day of worship as ‘core’ expressions of the Christian faith.
"What next? Will our courts overrule the Ten Commandments?”
Growing anger among Christians will be highlighted today by Delia Smith, the television chef and practising Roman Catholic, who will issue a Lent appeal on behalf the Church’s charity, Cafod, accusing “militant neo-atheists and devout secularists” of “busting a gut to drive us off the radar and try to convince us that we hardly exist”.
ICM Research interviewed an online sample of 2,001 adults between March 7 and March 9. Interviews were conducted across the country and results have been weighted to the profile of all adults.
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/religion/9136191/Christians-have-no-right-to-wear-cross-at-work-says-Government.html
Monday, March 12, 2012
Sunday, March 11, 2012
The Climate for Starting Businesses is Improving
Pain and Passion: 2 Factors That Make VCs Invest
By STAFF, Knowledge@Wharton
March 10, 2012
In 22 years of working with venture capitalists, Steven M. Cohen, co-manager of Morgan Lewis’s emerging business and technology practice, can only remember one time when a venture capitalist returned feedback to a presenter and ultimately invested. With the odds that slim, “how do you get that first meeting and give yourself the best shot at getting a potential investor?” he asked.
Knowledge@Wharton
Cohen moderated a panel entitled, “VC Confessionals: Why We Funded, Why We Passed,” during Wharton’s recent 2012 Entrepreneurship Conference, whose theme was “Turning Pain Points into Opportunity.” In explaining that tagline, the conference organizers noted that “pain has often been embedded in entrepreneurship. The pain of a personal frustration inspired a new venture. The pain, sweat and tears of an idea turned it into a viable business. The growing pains of the startup helped it morph from being in a league of its own, to one in which it became an industry leader. Pain has often revealed opportunity.”
RELATED: 7 Reasons Why It’s Never Been Easier to Start a Business
Perspiration has helped, too. As conference panelist Gil Beyda, founder and managing partner of Genacast Ventures, a venture capital firm in partnership with Comcast Ventures, noted, “I like to paraphrase Thomas Edison, who said that genius is 1 percent inspiration and 99 percent perspiration. To me, a startup is 1 percent a good idea and 99 percent perspiration and execution.” According to Beyda, while millions of people have good ideas, it’s about the execution.
Gauging the Risks
To bring an idea to fruition, Cohen reminded the audience of the importance of evaluating various types of risk: the size of the market, the potential for market penetration, the ability to secure financing, adequate technology development, and an assessment of barriers presented by the competition.
RELATED: 10 Hot Startups from People in Their 20s
All risks are not equal, said venture capitalist Josh Kopelman, who has helped found many companies, including Half.com, Infonautics and TurnTide. As a seed stage firm, his current company funds prelaunch concepts. “We bet on the team,” he said. “The bulk of what you are selling in your first pitch is yourself. The investor has to have confidence in you and in your ideas.” Then Kopelman looks at the product and its market through the “lens of the entrepreneur ... how you prioritized your key decisions.”
To Beyda, it’s about evaluating the risk-reward ratio. The more an entrepreneur can reduce the risks – including team risk, market risk, competitive risk, product risk, etc. – the more interested his company will be. Also, considering that it is so easy to start many businesses on the web or in the cloud, he asked, “Why not find a technology co-founder and build a prototype?”
Panelist Rob Coneybeer, co-founder of Shasta Ventures, which focuses on mobile and web start-ups, noted that for his firm, “a high quality introduction” reduces some of the risk; “it’s a test of whether you are any good at partner building.” He doesn't care where you went to school; what he is looking for are “entrepreneurs who understand storytelling to build brand.”
An entrepreneur who fits the model that Coneybeer outlined – i.e., a good storyteller – is panelist Joe Cohen, co-founder and CEO of Coursekit, an academic social network, for which he has raised two rounds of capital to date. “I spend all day, every day, selling to venture capitalists, to recruits, to our team. Everything is sold, not bought,” said Cohen, who came up with the idea for his company when he was a freshman at Wharton. In his sophomore year, he left school to make his vision, a product that gives instructors the tools they need to manage their class, a reality. His ability to tell his story, in a compelling way, was key to his success securing funding.
Coursekit’s website describes the company’s product as combining “tools like ... file management, communication, and calendaring with social networking features so students can communicate with each other.”
RELATED: The Startup Delusion: A Trap for College Grads
To bring the storytelling process into focus, Kopelman asked the audience: “How many of you have read Stephen King, John Grisham or Danielle Steele?” Many raised their hands. “And how many of you have read those books twice?" The number of hands significantly declined. That was his pitch for Half.com, which sold used books and was eventually acquired by eBay. “I could have said that I was going to create a person-to-person marketplace for used consumer mass media products,” he said.
According to Coneybeer, your story is not a novel; it’s a short story or a two-minute elevator pitch. Talk about your product, not yourself. Your product is a lens for who you are and for your company’s sell.
Other Ways to Evaluate Ideas
For a company that evaluates ideas at the seed stage, Kopelman noted that it is easier to evaluate a “save time” product, such as Uber, which enables users to request a car from their mobile phones, than it is to evaluate a “kill time” product, such as YouTube. “When we saw Aaron Patzer, the founder of Mint.com [an online personal financial management service], he pulled out his laptop and we understood the benefit that was there. The same was true when we saw Uber.” He added that “kill time” products can make money, but it’s harder to see until after the product is built.
One of the lenses that Coneybeer uses to evaluate products is mobile. Some products, such as Facebook and other social networking tools, are strictly in the mobile environment. Other products have been strongly influenced by mobile, such as Uber or Cherry, which he described as an Uber for car washing. Car washing, he added, is an example of an industry that hasn't experienced significant innovations for a long time but that is now being woken up by mobile.
As a venture capitalist with a lead limited partner, Genacast’s Beyda uses Comcast’s resources to evaluate companies for his firm to consider supporting. The companies he chooses to invest in do not need to have any connection to Comcast, but “Comcast NBC Universal is a great platform for diligence.” When Genacast’s executives looked at a fashion e-commerce company, they checked with Comcast’s E! and Style networks; when they looked at a social marketing research company, they talked with the NBC research division.
All the panelists left attendees with a final thought. “The most frequent reason we pass is not because a business is not a good business, but because it may not fit the profile of what a VC is looking for ... [in terms of] expected returns or performance or market size,” Kopelman said. “One of the biggest challenges I have is to say, ‘I think you will make a lot of money, but I don’t think I will make a lot of money. That’s why I’m not going to fund you.’”
For Beyda, the last take-away was the need for entrepreneurs to ask themselves the tough questions first. He is surprised by the number of startups that have gaping holes in their business model or their research. “You have invested your time and life in this. Don’t you want to know the competitive landscape?” Coneybeer, for his part, cautioned the audience to always prepare well for presentations, to make sure they understand their competition, their product and their customer. Coneybeer says he spends at least 40 minutes trying to understand each idea and or product he is asked to review.
The conference ended with the straightforward advice of entrepreneur Joe Cohen: “In starting a company, you need a new idea, a team, product, capital. What happens is because you don’t have one, you don’t do it, or because you only have one of out of three, you don’t. There is inertia, so you go to school or do something else. These are excuses.” In the words of a famous Nike advertising slogan, Cohen’s parting words were: “Just do it.”
Republished with permission from Knowledge@Wharton , the online research and business analysis journal of the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania.
By STAFF, Knowledge@Wharton
March 10, 2012
In 22 years of working with venture capitalists, Steven M. Cohen, co-manager of Morgan Lewis’s emerging business and technology practice, can only remember one time when a venture capitalist returned feedback to a presenter and ultimately invested. With the odds that slim, “how do you get that first meeting and give yourself the best shot at getting a potential investor?” he asked.
Knowledge@Wharton
Cohen moderated a panel entitled, “VC Confessionals: Why We Funded, Why We Passed,” during Wharton’s recent 2012 Entrepreneurship Conference, whose theme was “Turning Pain Points into Opportunity.” In explaining that tagline, the conference organizers noted that “pain has often been embedded in entrepreneurship. The pain of a personal frustration inspired a new venture. The pain, sweat and tears of an idea turned it into a viable business. The growing pains of the startup helped it morph from being in a league of its own, to one in which it became an industry leader. Pain has often revealed opportunity.”
RELATED: 7 Reasons Why It’s Never Been Easier to Start a Business
Perspiration has helped, too. As conference panelist Gil Beyda, founder and managing partner of Genacast Ventures, a venture capital firm in partnership with Comcast Ventures, noted, “I like to paraphrase Thomas Edison, who said that genius is 1 percent inspiration and 99 percent perspiration. To me, a startup is 1 percent a good idea and 99 percent perspiration and execution.” According to Beyda, while millions of people have good ideas, it’s about the execution.
Gauging the Risks
To bring an idea to fruition, Cohen reminded the audience of the importance of evaluating various types of risk: the size of the market, the potential for market penetration, the ability to secure financing, adequate technology development, and an assessment of barriers presented by the competition.
RELATED: 10 Hot Startups from People in Their 20s
All risks are not equal, said venture capitalist Josh Kopelman, who has helped found many companies, including Half.com, Infonautics and TurnTide. As a seed stage firm, his current company funds prelaunch concepts. “We bet on the team,” he said. “The bulk of what you are selling in your first pitch is yourself. The investor has to have confidence in you and in your ideas.” Then Kopelman looks at the product and its market through the “lens of the entrepreneur ... how you prioritized your key decisions.”
To Beyda, it’s about evaluating the risk-reward ratio. The more an entrepreneur can reduce the risks – including team risk, market risk, competitive risk, product risk, etc. – the more interested his company will be. Also, considering that it is so easy to start many businesses on the web or in the cloud, he asked, “Why not find a technology co-founder and build a prototype?”
Panelist Rob Coneybeer, co-founder of Shasta Ventures, which focuses on mobile and web start-ups, noted that for his firm, “a high quality introduction” reduces some of the risk; “it’s a test of whether you are any good at partner building.” He doesn't care where you went to school; what he is looking for are “entrepreneurs who understand storytelling to build brand.”
An entrepreneur who fits the model that Coneybeer outlined – i.e., a good storyteller – is panelist Joe Cohen, co-founder and CEO of Coursekit, an academic social network, for which he has raised two rounds of capital to date. “I spend all day, every day, selling to venture capitalists, to recruits, to our team. Everything is sold, not bought,” said Cohen, who came up with the idea for his company when he was a freshman at Wharton. In his sophomore year, he left school to make his vision, a product that gives instructors the tools they need to manage their class, a reality. His ability to tell his story, in a compelling way, was key to his success securing funding.
Coursekit’s website describes the company’s product as combining “tools like ... file management, communication, and calendaring with social networking features so students can communicate with each other.”
RELATED: The Startup Delusion: A Trap for College Grads
To bring the storytelling process into focus, Kopelman asked the audience: “How many of you have read Stephen King, John Grisham or Danielle Steele?” Many raised their hands. “And how many of you have read those books twice?" The number of hands significantly declined. That was his pitch for Half.com, which sold used books and was eventually acquired by eBay. “I could have said that I was going to create a person-to-person marketplace for used consumer mass media products,” he said.
According to Coneybeer, your story is not a novel; it’s a short story or a two-minute elevator pitch. Talk about your product, not yourself. Your product is a lens for who you are and for your company’s sell.
Other Ways to Evaluate Ideas
For a company that evaluates ideas at the seed stage, Kopelman noted that it is easier to evaluate a “save time” product, such as Uber, which enables users to request a car from their mobile phones, than it is to evaluate a “kill time” product, such as YouTube. “When we saw Aaron Patzer, the founder of Mint.com [an online personal financial management service], he pulled out his laptop and we understood the benefit that was there. The same was true when we saw Uber.” He added that “kill time” products can make money, but it’s harder to see until after the product is built.
One of the lenses that Coneybeer uses to evaluate products is mobile. Some products, such as Facebook and other social networking tools, are strictly in the mobile environment. Other products have been strongly influenced by mobile, such as Uber or Cherry, which he described as an Uber for car washing. Car washing, he added, is an example of an industry that hasn't experienced significant innovations for a long time but that is now being woken up by mobile.
As a venture capitalist with a lead limited partner, Genacast’s Beyda uses Comcast’s resources to evaluate companies for his firm to consider supporting. The companies he chooses to invest in do not need to have any connection to Comcast, but “Comcast NBC Universal is a great platform for diligence.” When Genacast’s executives looked at a fashion e-commerce company, they checked with Comcast’s E! and Style networks; when they looked at a social marketing research company, they talked with the NBC research division.
All the panelists left attendees with a final thought. “The most frequent reason we pass is not because a business is not a good business, but because it may not fit the profile of what a VC is looking for ... [in terms of] expected returns or performance or market size,” Kopelman said. “One of the biggest challenges I have is to say, ‘I think you will make a lot of money, but I don’t think I will make a lot of money. That’s why I’m not going to fund you.’”
For Beyda, the last take-away was the need for entrepreneurs to ask themselves the tough questions first. He is surprised by the number of startups that have gaping holes in their business model or their research. “You have invested your time and life in this. Don’t you want to know the competitive landscape?” Coneybeer, for his part, cautioned the audience to always prepare well for presentations, to make sure they understand their competition, their product and their customer. Coneybeer says he spends at least 40 minutes trying to understand each idea and or product he is asked to review.
The conference ended with the straightforward advice of entrepreneur Joe Cohen: “In starting a company, you need a new idea, a team, product, capital. What happens is because you don’t have one, you don’t do it, or because you only have one of out of three, you don’t. There is inertia, so you go to school or do something else. These are excuses.” In the words of a famous Nike advertising slogan, Cohen’s parting words were: “Just do it.”
Republished with permission from Knowledge@Wharton , the online research and business analysis journal of the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania.
????????
The purpose of this blog is to create serious discussion on what is changing in America and why. Where will it lead us? Who controls the change? Who should control it? Too slow? Too fast? Is it necessary? Is it good? Bad? What does it cost? Is it worth it? Please join in and make your opinions known. Our intent is to be constructive and open to all constructive ideas and comments.
The more ideas we generate, the more impact our opinions will have on our Country's direction!
We have no limits on what kind of change is discussed. Political, Environment, Social, Personal.Education, Religion, etc.. In fact whatever type of change you feel deserves attention or discussion.....bring it on !!
We have no limits on what kind of change is discussed. Political, Environment, Social, Personal.Education, Religion, etc.. In fact whatever type of change you feel deserves attention or discussion.....bring it on !!
Saturday, March 3, 2012
Wednesday, October 14, 2009
$20,000,000 to move members/supporters of Hamas, a terrorist organization, to the United States
HB 1388 =2 0 PASSED
You just spent $20,000,000 to move members/supporters of Hamas, a terrorist organization, to the United States ; housing, food, the whole enchilada.
HB 1388 PASSED
Whether you are an Obama fan, or not, EVERYONE IN THE U. S. needs to know....
Something happened.... H.R. 1388 was passed, behind our backs. You may want to read about it.. It wasn ' t mentioned on the 20 news... just went by on the ticker tape at the bottom of the CNN
screen.
Obama funds $20M in tax payer dollars to immigrate Hamas Refugees to the USA . This is the news that didn ' t make the headlines...
By exec utive order, President Barack Obama has ordered the expenditure of $20.3 million in "migration assistance" to the Palestinian refugees and "conflict victims" in Gaza .
The "presidential determination", which allows hundreds of thousands of Palestinians with ties to Hamas to resettle in the United States , was signed and appears in the Federal Register.
Few on Capitol Hill, or in the media, took note that the order provides a free ticket replete with housing and food allowances to individuals who have displayed their overwhelming support to the Islamic Resistance Movement (Hamas) in the parliamentary election of January 2006.
Let's review....itemized list of some of Barack Obama ' s most recent actions since his inauguration:
His first call to any head of state, as president, was to Mahmoud Abbas, leader of Fatah party in the Palestinian territory.
His first one-on-one television interview with any news organization was with Al=2 0Arabia television.
His first executive order was to fund/facilitate abortion(s) not just here within the U. S. , but within the world, using U. S. tax payer funds.
He ordered Guantanamo Bay close
He ordered overseas CIA interrogation centers closed.
He withdrew all charges against the masterminds behind the USS Cole and the "terror attack" on 9/11.
Now we learn that he is allowing hundreds of thousands of Pal estinian refuges to move to, and live in, the US at American taxpayer expense.
These important, and insightful, issues are being "lost" in the blinding bail-outs and =2 0 "stimulation" packages.
Doubtful? To verify this for yourself:
www.thefederalregister.com/d.
PLEASE PASS THIS ON... AMERICA NEEDS TO KNOW
WE are losing this country at a rapid pace.
You just spent $20,000,000 to move members/supporters of Hamas, a terrorist organization, to the United States ; housing, food, the whole enchilada.
HB 1388 PASSED
Whether you are an Obama fan, or not, EVERYONE IN THE U. S. needs to know....
Something happened.... H.R. 1388 was passed, behind our backs. You may want to read about it.. It wasn ' t mentioned on the 20 news... just went by on the ticker tape at the bottom of the CNN
screen.
Obama funds $20M in tax payer dollars to immigrate Hamas Refugees to the USA . This is the news that didn ' t make the headlines...
By exec utive order, President Barack Obama has ordered the expenditure of $20.3 million in "migration assistance" to the Palestinian refugees and "conflict victims" in Gaza .
The "presidential determination", which allows hundreds of thousands of Palestinians with ties to Hamas to resettle in the United States , was signed and appears in the Federal Register.
Few on Capitol Hill, or in the media, took note that the order provides a free ticket replete with housing and food allowances to individuals who have displayed their overwhelming support to the Islamic Resistance Movement (Hamas) in the parliamentary election of January 2006.
Let's review....itemized list of some of Barack Obama ' s most recent actions since his inauguration:
His first call to any head of state, as president, was to Mahmoud Abbas, leader of Fatah party in the Palestinian territory.
His first one-on-one television interview with any news organization was with Al=2 0Arabia television.
His first executive order was to fund/facilitate abortion(s) not just here within the U. S. , but within the world, using U. S. tax payer funds.
He ordered Guantanamo Bay close
He ordered overseas CIA interrogation centers closed.
He withdrew all charges against the masterminds behind the USS Cole and the "terror attack" on 9/11.
Now we learn that he is allowing hundreds of thousands of Pal estinian refuges to move to, and live in, the US at American taxpayer expense.
These important, and insightful, issues are being "lost" in the blinding bail-outs and =2 0 "stimulation" packages.
Doubtful? To verify this for yourself:
www.thefederalregister.com/d.
PLEASE PASS THIS ON... AMERICA NEEDS TO KNOW
WE are losing this country at a rapid pace.
Presidential Documents
U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement
NOTICE: Part II
DOCID: fr04fe09-106
DOCUMENT SUMMARY:
[[Page 6115]]
Presidential Determination No. 2009-15 of January 27, 2009
Unexpected Urgent Refugee and Migration Needs Related To Gaza
Memorandum for the Secretary of State
By the authority vested in me by the Constitution and the laws of the United States, including section 2(c)(1) of the Migration and Refugee Assistance Act of 1962 (the ``Act''), as amended (22 U.S.C. 2601), I hereby determine, pursuant to section 2(c)(1) of the Act, that it is important to the national interest to furnish assistance under the Act in an amount not to exceed $20.3 million from the United States Emergency Refugee and Migration Assistance Fund for the purpose of meeting unexpected and urgent refugee and migration needs, including by contributions to international, governmental, and nongovernmental organizations and payment of administrative expenses of Bureau of Population, Refugees, and Migration of the Department of State, related to humanitarian needs of Palestinian refugees and conflict victims in Gaza.
You are authorized and directed to publish this memorandum in the Federal Register.
(Presidential Sig.)
THE WHITE HOUSE,
Washington, January 27, 2009
[FR Doc. E9-2488
Filed 2-3-09; 8:45 am]
Billing code 4710-10-P
Presidential Determination No. 2009-15 of January 27, 2009
Unexpected Urgent Refugee and Migration Needs Related To Gaza
Memorandum for the Secretary of State
By the authority vested in me by the Constitution and the laws of the United States, including section 2(c)(1) of the Migration and Refugee Assistance Act of 1962 (the ``Act''), as amended (22 U.S.C. 2601), I hereby determine, pursuant to section 2(c)(1) of the Act, that it is important to the national interest to furnish assistance under the Act in an amount not to exceed $20.3 million from the United States Emergency Refugee and Migration Assistance Fund for the purpose of meeting unexpected and urgent refugee and migration needs, including by contributions to international, governmental, and nongovernmental organizations and payment of administrative expenses of Bureau of Population, Refugees, and Migration of the Department of State, related to humanitarian needs of Palestinian refugees and conflict victims in Gaza.
You are authorized and directed to publish this memorandum in the Federal Register.
(Presidential Sig.)
THE WHITE HOUSE,
Washington, January 27, 2009
[FR Doc. E9-2488
Filed 2-3-09; 8:45 am]
Billing code 4710-10-P
Sunday, October 4, 2009
Youth Extreme Crimes
What makes kids today do horrendous criminal atrocities that just didn't happen in prior generations. What has changed? and how do we reverse the change so that the extreme crimes are halted?
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